1. What causes high cholesterol?
High
cholesterol may be the result of an inherited disease or it may result from a
diet high in saturated fats. For many people, it is caused by a combination of
both a diet high in cholesterol, saturated fats, and trans fats and an
inherited tendency towards high cholesterol.
The
preferred treatment is to adopt a lifestyle that will help lower your levels,
one including exercise and a diet that is low in cholesterol, saturated fats,
and trans fat. A low-fat diet will usually lower cholesterol about 8%. If diet
and exercise alone cannot lower cholesterol enough, drugs are often recommended
and usually aim to lower LDL-C levels specifically. Sometimes, two
different drugs are used together to treat people with extremely high
cholesterol levels. The drug of choice differs for different people although
the most commonly used lipid-lowering drugs are statins. Other drugs that may be prescribed
include bile acid sequestrants, niacin, and fibrates. Your doctor will
need to take into account your individual situation before prescribing any
cholesterol-lowering drug.
High
cholesterol increases your risk of a heart attack. The higher the cholesterol, the
higher the risk. However, many other factors also affect your risk of a heart
attack, such as smoking, diabetes, age, and high blood pressure. For more information on related
risk factors, please read the American Heart Association's article Understand
Your Risk for High Cholesterol.
4. I haven't changed my
diet or exercise pattern but my cholesterol has gone up since the last time it
was tested. Why?
Cholesterol
levels fluctuate over time. The measured cholesterol level may differ by as
much as 10% from one month to another. It may go up sometimes or it may go down
sometimes. These changes are called biological variation and they represent
normal variability inherent in human metabolism.
Daftar Pustaka
http://labtestsonline.org/understanding/analytes/cholesterol/tab/test
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